Three potential relationships exist between initial larval density and number of survivors and the effect of imposing extrinsic mortality on a high-density population, reducing its density to a new, lower population density. Additive (red): Imposing mortality would result in fewer survivors compared to not imposing mortality, as shown by point 1. Compensatory (blue): Imposing mortality would result in the same number of survivors compared to not imposing mortality, as shown by point 2. Overcompensatory (black): Imposing mortality would produce a greater number of survivors compared to not imposing mortality, as shown by point 3. (Figure originally published in Evans et al 2023, Insects)